Introduction

This section gives a general introduction to computers and their uses and shows how computers may help teachers. It begins by giving a short historical account of how the modern computer came into being and how it is currently evolving. Next, it takes a look at computer hardware, identifying the different types of computer that are in use today and describing the main features of a modern general-purpose computer. It then deals with computer software, beginning by taking a general look at computer programs and programming languages and then explaining the difference between system software and applications software. The section then looks briefly at the different modes of usage of computers. It ends by examining their various applications in the modern world, with particular emphasis on their different uses in education and training.

The section is written at an extremely basic level. If you already have some knowledge and experience of computers and their uses you may well be familiar with much of what is covered. Even so, it is hoped that everyone will find the section useful. There is opportunity for more knowledgeable individuals to explore further web-based information. Don't however feel obliged to do this.

Contents

The history of the computer

Computer hardware

The various components of a computer system
Figure 1 : A simple schematic diagram of a computer system
Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of how the CPU operates

Computer software

The different modes in which computers can be used

The various applications of computers:

• Use of the computer as a 'supercalculator'
• Use of the computer as a data base
• Use of the computer in word processing and desktop publishing
• Use of the computer as a design aid
• Use of the computer for control purposes
• Use of the computer as a vehicle for instruction
• Use of the computer as a vehicle for instruction - specific examples

Further reading

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Centre for the Enhancement of Learning & Teaching

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